Machel J Z
Reprod Health Matters. 2001 May;9(17):82-90. doi: 10.1016/s0968-8080(01)90011-4.
This study seeks to examine the reasons why young women aged 14-20 in Maputo, Mozambique were engaging in risky sexual behaviour, and to ascertain whether the spread of HIV is due to socioeconomic factors and/or patriarchal beliefs and mores, or both. It is based on in-depth interviews and questionnaires among 182 girls in two secondary schools in Maputo, one attended primarily by working-class and one primarily by middle-class students. The findings suggest that while gender dynamics work against women overall, middle-class young women had fewer sexual partners, used condoms more often, seemed willing to challenge gender norms and were more assertive than their working class counterparts, which placed them at potentially more of an advantage in sexual negotiation. Working-class young women, for whom the interlocking categories of gender and class operated, were more accepting of gender power differentials, were less assertive and tended to be dependent on their partners for material needs more often, which served to weaken their bargaining power in relation to safe sexual behaviour and rendered them more vulnerable.
本研究旨在探究莫桑比克马普托市14至20岁年轻女性从事危险性行为的原因，并确定艾滋病毒的传播是否归因于社会经济因素和/或父权制信仰及习俗，或两者皆有。该研究基于对马普托两所中学182名女孩的深入访谈和问卷调查，其中一所学校主要招收工人阶级学生，另一所主要招收中产阶级学生。研究结果表明，虽然总体而言性别动态对女性不利，但中产阶级年轻女性的性伴侣较少，更经常使用避孕套，似乎愿意挑战性别规范，且比工人阶级的同龄人更自信，这使她们在性谈判中可能更具优势。对于工人阶级年轻女性来说，性别和阶级相互交织，她们更能接受性别权力差异，自信心较低，且往往更经常在物质需求上依赖伴侣，这削弱了她们在安全性行为方面的谈判能力，使她们更容易受到伤害。
