Bell D G, Jacobs I, Ellerington K
Defence and Civil Institute of Environmental Medicine, Toronto, Ontario M3M 3B9, Canada.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001 Aug;33(8):1399-403. doi: 10.1097/00005768-200108000-00024.
Ingestion of a combination of caffeine (C) and ephedrine (E) prolongs time to exhaustion during high-intensity aerobic exercise. CNS stimulation by C and E was proposed as part of the mechanism for the improvement. It was thought that this arousal might also be of benefit during anaerobic exercise. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of C, E, and C+E ingestion on performance of anaerobic exercise.
Two groups were used to evaluate the effect of C and E on anaerobic performance. Group 1 (WIN) consisted of 16 healthy untrained male subjects who performed a 30-s Wingate test. Group 2 (MAOD) consisted of 8 healthy untrained male subjects who performed a supramaximal (125%VO(2peak)) cycle exercise trial to exhaustion to determine maximum accumulated oxygen deficit. The trials commenced 1.5 h after ingesting either C (5 mg x kg(-1)), E (1 mg x kg(-1)), a combination of C+E, or a placebo (P). All trials were randomized and double blind. Blood samples were assayed for lactate and glucose post drug ingestion just before exercise, and again 3, 5, and 10 min post exercise. Catecholamines were measured in the preexercise and 10-min postexercise blood samples.
Ephedrine increased power output during the early phase of the Wingate test, whereas C increased time to exhaustion and O(2) deficit during the MAOD test. C, E, and C+E increased blood lactate, glucose, and catecholamine levels.
The improvement in anaerobic exercise performance is likely a result of both stimulation of the CNS by E and skeletal muscle by C.
摄入咖啡因(C)和麻黄碱(E)的组合可延长高强度有氧运动中的疲劳时间。有人提出,C和E对中枢神经系统的刺激是改善运动表现机制的一部分。据认为,这种兴奋在无氧运动中可能也有益处。本研究的目的是调查摄入C、E和C+E对无氧运动表现的影响。
两组用于评估C和E对无氧运动表现的影响。第1组(WIN)由16名健康的未经训练的男性受试者组成,他们进行了30秒的温盖特测试。第2组(MAOD)由8名健康的未经训练的男性受试者组成,他们进行了一次超最大强度(125%VO₂峰值)的自行车运动试验直至疲劳,以确定最大累积氧亏。试验在摄入C(5毫克/千克⁻¹)、E(1毫克/千克⁻¹)、C+E组合或安慰剂(P)1.5小时后开始。所有试验均为随机双盲试验。在运动前刚摄入药物后以及运动后3、5和10分钟采集血样,检测乳酸和葡萄糖水平。在运动前和运动后10分钟的血样中测量儿茶酚胺。
麻黄碱在温盖特测试的早期阶段增加了功率输出,而咖啡因在MAOD测试中增加了疲劳时间和氧亏。C、E和C+E均提高了血乳酸、葡萄糖和儿茶酚胺水平。
无氧运动表现的改善可能是E对中枢神经系统的刺激以及C对骨骼肌的刺激共同作用的结果。