Scott J D, Fernando K, Banerjee S N, Durden L A, Byrne S K, Banerjee M, Mann R B, Morshed M G
Lyme Disease Association of Ontario, Fergus, Canada.
J Med Entomol. 2001 Jul;38(4):493-500. doi: 10.1603/0022-2585-38.4.493.
A total of 152 ixodid ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) consisting of nine species was collected from 82 passerine birds (33 species) in 14 locations in Canada from 1996 to 2000. The Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi Johnson, Schmidt, Hyde, Steigerwaldt & Brenner was cultured from the nymph of a blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis Say, that had been removed from a common yellowthroat, Geothlypis trichas L., from Bon Portage Island, Nova Scotia. As a result of bird movement, a nymphal I. scapularis removed from a Swainson's thrush, Catharus ustulatus incanus (Godfrey), at Slave Lake, Alberta, during spring migration becomes the new, most western and northern record of this tick species in Canada. Amblyomma longirostre Koch, Amblyomma sabanerae Stoll, and Ixodes baergi Cooley & Kohls are reported for the first time in Canada. Similarly, Amblyomma americanum L., Arnblyomma maculatum Koch, and ixodes muris Bishopp & Smith are reported for the first time on birds in Canada. After removal of an I. muris gravid female from a song sparrow, Melospiza melodia Wilson, at St. Andrews, New Brunswick, eggs were laid, which developed into larvae, and this new tick-host record demonstrates that birds have the potential to start a new tick population. We conclude that passerine birds disperse several species of ixodid ticks in Canada, and during spring migration translocate ticks from the United States, and Central and South America, some of which are infected with B. burgdorferi.
1996年至2000年期间，在加拿大14个地点，从82种（33个物种）雀形目鸟类身上采集到共计152只硬蜱（蜱螨目：硬蜱科），分属9个物种。莱姆病螺旋体伯氏疏螺旋体约翰逊、施密特、海德、施泰格瓦尔德特和布伦纳，是从一只黑脚蜱若虫中培养出来的，这只蜱从新斯科舍省邦波蒂奇岛的一只普通黄喉地莺（Geothlypis trichas L.）身上采集而来。由于鸟类的迁徙，一只在春季迁徙期间于艾伯塔省奴隶湖从一只斯温森夜鸫（Catharus ustulatus incanus (戈弗雷)）身上采集到的黑脚蜱若虫，成为了该蜱种在加拿大新的、最西部和最北部的记录。长角花蜱（Amblyomma longirostre Koch）、萨巴纳花蜱（Amblyomma sabanerae Stoll）和贝氏硬蜱（Ixodes baergi Cooley & Kohls）在加拿大首次被报道。同样，美洲花蜱（Amblyomma americanum L.）、斑点花蜱（Arnblyomma maculatum Koch）和鼠硬蜱（ixodes muris Bishopp & Smith）在加拿大鸟类身上首次被报道。从新不伦瑞克省圣安德鲁斯的一只歌带鹀（Melospiza melodia Wilson）身上移除一只怀孕的鼠硬蜱雌蜱后，该蜱产下了卵，这些卵发育成了幼虫，这一新的蜱 - 宿主记录表明鸟类有能力开启新的蜱种群。我们得出结论，雀形目鸟类在加拿大传播几种硬蜱，并且在春季迁徙期间将蜱从美国、中美洲和南美洲转移过来，其中一些蜱感染了伯氏疏螺旋体。
