Howes D, Boller F
Brain. 1975 Jun;98(2):317-32. doi: 10.1093/brain/98.2.317.
Simple reaction time is significantly increased in patients with unilateral lesions of either cerebral hemisphere responding with the hand ipsilateral to the lesion, but the effect is much greater when the lesion is in the non-dominant hemisphere. This difference cannot be attributed to asymmetries in the size or type of lesion. It applies over the complete distribution of reaction times as well as to the means, and is not diminished by practice. Neither the classical conduction model of reaction time nor the mass-action hypothesis proposed by De Renzi and Faglioni (1965) can account for the findings. Although the increase of about 100 ms observed with lesions of the dominant hemisphere probably represents a non-specific effect of brain disease, the much larger increases resulting from lesions of the non-dominant hemisphere appear to be of focal origin. The critical areas cannot yet be specified with certainty, but maps of the brain scans for patients with the highest reaction times suggest that structures in or near the basal ganglia and the posterior parietal region of the non-dominant hemisphere are involved, and other studies show that the focal effect is not found when patients with contralateral motor involvement are excluded.
对于单侧大脑半球受损的患者，用患侧手做出反应时，简单反应时间会显著增加，但当损伤位于非优势半球时，这种影响要大得多。这种差异不能归因于损伤的大小或类型的不对称。它适用于反应时间的整个分布以及平均值，并且不会因练习而减小。经典的反应时间传导模型和德雷尼与法廖尼（1965年）提出的整体作用假说都无法解释这些发现。虽然优势半球损伤时观察到的约100毫秒的增加可能代表了脑部疾病的非特异性效应，但非优势半球损伤导致的更大增加似乎源于局部。关键区域尚不能确定，但对反应时间最长的患者进行脑部扫描的图谱表明，非优势半球基底神经节内或附近以及顶叶后部区域的结构参与其中，其他研究表明，排除对侧运动受累的患者时未发现局部效应。
