Goodale M A, Murison R C
Brain Res. 1975 May 2;88(2):243-61. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(75)90388-1.
The effects of bilateral removal of the superior colliculus or visual cortex on visually guided locomotor movements in rats performing a brightness discrimination task were investigated directly with the use of cine film. Rats with collicular lesions showed patterns of locomotion comparable to or more efficient than those of normal animals when approaching one of 5 small doors located at one end of a large open area. In contrast, animals with large but incomplete lesions of visual cortex were distinctly impaired in their visual control of approach responses to the same stimuli. On the other hand, rats with collicular damage showed no orienting reflex or evidence of distraction in the same task when novel visual or auditory stimuli were presented. However, both normal and visual-decorticate rats showed various components of the orienting reflex and disturbance in task performance when the same novel stimuli were presented. These results suggest that although the superior colliculus does not appear to be essential to the visual control of locomotor orientation, this midbrain structure might participate in the mediation of shifts in visual fixation and attention. Visual cortex, while contributing to visuospatial guidance of locomotor movements, might not play a significant role in the control and integration of the orienting reflex.
运用电影胶片直接研究了双侧切除上丘或视觉皮层对执行亮度辨别任务的大鼠视觉引导运动的影响。当接近位于一个大开放区域一端的5扇小门中的一扇时，患有上丘损伤的大鼠表现出与正常动物相当或比正常动物更有效的运动模式。相比之下，患有大面积但不完全视觉皮层损伤的动物在对相同刺激的接近反应的视觉控制方面明显受损。另一方面，患有上丘损伤的大鼠在呈现新的视觉或听觉刺激时，在同一任务中没有表现出定向反射或分心的迹象。然而，当呈现相同的新刺激时，正常大鼠和视觉皮层被切除的大鼠都表现出定向反射的各种成分以及任务表现的干扰。这些结果表明，虽然上丘似乎对运动定向的视觉控制不是必不可少的，但这个中脑结构可能参与视觉注视和注意力转移的调节。视觉皮层虽然有助于运动的视觉空间引导，但可能在定向反射的控制和整合中不发挥重要作用。
