Wisborg K, Kesmodel U, Henriksen T B, Olsen S F, Secher N J
Perinatal Epidemiological Research Unit, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Am J Epidemiol. 2001 Aug 15;154(4):322-7. doi: 10.1093/aje/154.4.322.
The authors examined the association between exposure to tobacco smoke in utero and the risk of stillbirth and infant death in a cohort of 25,102 singleton children of pregnant women scheduled to deliver at Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark, from September 1989 to August 1996. Exposure to tobacco smoke in utero was associated with an increased risk of stillbirth (odds ratio = 2.0, 95% confidence interval: 1.4, 2.9), and infant mortality was almost doubled in children born to women who had smoked during pregnancy compared with children of nonsmokers (odds ratio = 1.8, 95% confidence interval: 1.3, 2.6). Among children of women who stopped smoking during the first trimester, stillbirth and infant mortality was comparable with that in children of women who had been nonsmokers from the beginning of pregnancy. Conclusions were not changed after adjustment in a logistic regression model for the sex of the child; parity; or maternal age, height, weight, marital status, years of education, occupational status, and alcohol and caffeine intake during pregnancy. Approximately 25% of all stillbirths and 20% of all infant deaths in a population with 30% pregnant smokers could be avoided if all pregnant smokers stopped smoking by the sixteenth week of gestation.
作者对1989年9月至1996年8月在丹麦奥胡斯大学医院计划分娩的25102名单胎孕妇的子女队列进行了研究,以探讨子宫内接触烟草烟雾与死产风险和婴儿死亡风险之间的关联。子宫内接触烟草烟雾与死产风险增加相关(比值比=2.0,95%置信区间:1.4,2.9),与非吸烟女性的子女相比,孕期吸烟女性所生子女的婴儿死亡率几乎翻倍(比值比=1.8,95%置信区间:1.3,2.6)。在孕早期戒烟的女性所生子女中,死产和婴儿死亡率与从怀孕开始就不吸烟的女性所生子女相当。在对儿童性别、产次或母亲年龄、身高、体重、婚姻状况、受教育年限、职业状况以及孕期酒精和咖啡因摄入量进行逻辑回归模型调整后,结论未发生变化。如果所有吸烟孕妇在妊娠第16周前戒烟,在30%的孕妇吸烟的人群中,约25%的死产和20%的婴儿死亡可以避免。