Staton J L, Schizas N V, Chandler G T, Coull B C, Quattro J M
Belle W. Baruch Institute for Marine Biology and Coastal Research, School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
Ecotoxicology. 2001 Aug;10(4):217-22. doi: 10.1023/a:1016617410786.
Genetics of ecotoxicology has recently emerged as a priority research field. The advent of polymerase chain reaction and molecular population genetics has made it possible to examine the genetics in even the smallest individuals. Although a potentially powerful technique, current approaches oversimplify the relationship of change in gene frequency to contaminant exposure. Many of these approaches cannot control for random correlation or accessory abiotic factors that impinge on the system tested. Indeed, the gestalt approaches of laboratory exposure or natural field experiments may ignore significant genome-level interactions that are important within a given system. At the very least, these approaches would benefit by a biogeographic survey of genetic variation to understand geographic microevolutionary patterns, or phylogeography, within a species to reduce spurious correlations and erroneous conclusions. Other single locus approaches can be chosen to enhance this approach if genetic/environmental interactions have been characterized for laboratory populations or for other model systems.
生态毒理学遗传学最近已成为一个优先研究领域。聚合酶链反应和分子群体遗传学的出现使得研究甚至最小个体的遗传学成为可能。尽管这是一项潜在的强大技术，但目前的方法过于简化了基因频率变化与污染物暴露之间的关系。这些方法中的许多无法控制随机相关性或影响测试系统的附属非生物因素。实际上，实验室暴露或自然野外实验的整体方法可能会忽略给定系统内重要的显著基因组水平相互作用。至少，这些方法将受益于对遗传变异的生物地理学调查，以了解物种内的地理微进化模式，即系统发育地理学，从而减少虚假相关性和错误结论。如果已经对实验室种群或其他模型系统的遗传/环境相互作用进行了表征，则可以选择其他单基因座方法来加强这一方法。
