Kligman D, Goldberg D A
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1975 May;160(5):324-41. doi: 10.1097/00005053-197505000-00002.
Research on temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and aggression is reviewed in order to learn why it has not contributed more to our understanding of the neural basis of aggression. The research problem can be resolved into two questions: Are temporal lobe epileptics more aggressive? What inferences can be drawn about the factors underlying aggression in TLE? Difficulties in finding suitable operational definitions for TLE and for aggression have, to date, received insufficient attention. In published studies, sample bias and lack of regard for the validity and reliability of behavioral assessments prevent our deciding whether an association exists between interictal aggressive behavior and TLE. Even if this association were demonstrated, one could not draw direct neurobehavioral inferences from it, since a variety of social and psychological, as well as neurophysiological variables could contribute to the association. These would have to be controlled. Methodological refinements could lead to more satisfactory answers to the first question, but the second is considerably more difficult. Some sources of complexity and apparent contradictions in the experimental literature on the neurology of aggression are discussed. They consist of technical problems, the complexity of the neural substrate of aggression and the influence of environmental cues and learning. The combined use of electrophysiological and interview techniques has yielded some interesting results with TLE patients.
本文对颞叶癫痫（TLE）与攻击性的研究进行了综述，旨在探究为何该研究未能更多地助力我们理解攻击性的神经基础。该研究问题可分解为两个问题：颞叶癫痫患者是否更具攻击性？关于TLE中攻击性的潜在因素能得出哪些推断？迄今为止，为TLE和攻击性找到合适的操作定义方面的困难未得到充分关注。在已发表的研究中，样本偏差以及对行为评估的有效性和可靠性缺乏关注，使得我们无法确定发作间期攻击行为与TLE之间是否存在关联。即便证明了这种关联，也无法从中直接得出神经行为学推断，因为多种社会、心理以及神经生理变量都可能导致这种关联。这些因素必须加以控制。方法学的改进可能会使第一个问题得到更令人满意的答案，但第二个问题则要困难得多。本文讨论了攻击性神经学实验文献中一些复杂性和明显矛盾的来源。它们包括技术问题、攻击性神经基质的复杂性以及环境线索和学习的影响。电生理技术和访谈技术的联合使用在TLE患者中取得了一些有趣的结果。
