Prociuk T J, Breen L J
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1975 Mar;31(3):549-56. doi: 10.1037/h0076506.
This study examined the relationship between locus of control and academic performance by evaluating the academic achievement of defensive externals, which has been considered a confounding factor in previous research. A further objective was an examination of the effect of two mediating variables in their relation to locus of control and academic performance. One hundred sixty college students were administered the Internal, Powerful Others, and Chance scales, the Fear of Negative Evaluation scale, and the Achievement via Independence/via Conformance scales. Obtained results demonstrated that internals were academically superior to both defensive and congruent externals. Defensive externals were shown to have higher grade point averages than congruent externals, and female defensive externals achieved greater academic success than their male counterparts. Further results suggested that the relationship between locus of control and academic performance may not be a direct one but may be modified by specific mediating variables.
本研究通过评估防御型外控者的学业成就，考察了控制点与学业成绩之间的关系，而在以往研究中，防御型外控者一直被视为一个混杂因素。另一个目标是检验两个中介变量在其与控制点和学业成绩关系中的作用。对160名大学生施测了内控、他人强大影响和机遇量表、害怕负面评价量表以及通过独立/通过顺从获得成就量表。所得结果表明，内控者在学业上优于防御型外控者和一致型外控者。结果显示，防御型外控者的平均绩点高于一致型外控者，并且女性防御型外控者比男性防御型外控者取得了更大的学业成就。进一步的结果表明，控制点与学业成绩之间的关系可能不是直接的，而是可能会受到特定中介变量的调节。
