Whittemore R, Chase S K, Mandle C L
Yale University School of Nursing, USA.
Qual Health Res. 2001 Jul;11(4):522-37. doi: 10.1177/104973201129119299.
Much contemporary dialogue has centered on the difficulty of establishing validity criteria in qualitative research. Developing validity standards in qualitative research is challenging because of the necessity to incorporate rigor and subjectivity as well as creativity into the scientific process. This article explores the extant issues related to the science and art of qualitative research and proposes a synthesis of contemporary viewpoints. A distinction between primary and secondary validity criteria in qualitative research is made with credibility, authenticity, criticality, and integrity identified as primary validity criteria and explicitness, vividness, creativity, thoroughness, congruence, and sensitivity identified as secondary validity criteria.
许多当代的讨论都聚焦于在定性研究中确立效度标准的困难。由于在科学过程中必须兼顾严谨性、主观性以及创造性，因此制定定性研究的效度标准颇具挑战性。本文探讨了与定性研究的科学性和艺术性相关的现存问题，并提出了当代各种观点的综合。文中对定性研究的主要和次要效度标准进行了区分，将可信度、真实性、批判性和完整性确定为主要效度标准，而将明晰性、生动性、创造性、全面性、一致性和敏感性确定为次要效度标准。
