Alonso J A, Shaw D L, Maxwell A, McGill G P, Hart G C
Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Bradford Royal Infirmary, England, UK.
J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2001 Aug;83(6):815-8. doi: 10.1302/0301-620x.83b6.11065.
We measured the scattered radiation received by theatre staff, using high-sensitivity electronic personal dosimeters, during fixation of extracapsular fractures of the neck of the femur by dynamic hip screw. The dose received was correlated with that received by the patient, and the distance from the source of radiation. A scintillation detector and a water-filled model were used to define a map of the dose rate of scattered radiation in a standard operating theatre during surgery. Beyond two metres from the source of radiation, the scattered dose received was consistently low, while within the operating distance that received by staff was significant for both lateral and posteroanterior (PA) projections. The routine use of lead aprons outside the 2 m zone may be unnecessary. Within that zone it is recommended that lead aprons be worn and that thyroid shields are available for the surgeon and nursing assistants.
我们使用高灵敏度电子个人剂量计，测量了在使用动力髋螺钉固定股骨颈囊外骨折期间手术室工作人员所接收的散射辐射。所接收的剂量与患者所接收的剂量以及与辐射源的距离相关。在手术过程中，使用闪烁探测器和充水模型来确定标准手术室中散射辐射剂量率的分布图。在距离辐射源两米以外的地方，所接收的散射剂量一直很低，而在手术距离内，工作人员在侧位和前后位（PA）投影中所接收的剂量都很可观。在两米区域之外常规使用铅围裙可能没有必要。在该区域内，建议佩戴铅围裙，并且应为外科医生和护理助手提供甲状腺防护装置。
