Seila R L, Main H H, Arriaga J L, Martínez G, Ramadan A B
US Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA.
Sci Total Environ. 2001 Aug 10;276(1-3):153-69. doi: 10.1016/s0048-9697(01)00777-x.
Ambient air VOC samples were collected at surface air quality monitoring sites, near sources of interest, and aloft on the US (El Paso) and Mexican (Ciudad Juárez) side of the border during a six-week period of the 1996 Paso del Norte Ozone Study. Samples were collected at five sites, three on the US side and two on the Mexican side, during nine intensive operation days when high ozone levels were forecast for the area. Six other sites were sampled to characterize up-wind, down-wind and other emission sources. Samples for determining source profiles were collected for rush hour traffic, propane-powered bus exhaust, automobile paint shop emissions, propane fuels, and industrial manufacturing in Cd. Juárez and a refinery in El Paso. Most samples were collected in electro-polished stainless steel canisters for determination of C2 to C(10+) hydrocarbons by GC-FID. Carbonyl samples were collected on DNPH impregnated cartridges at three surface sites during aircraft flights and analyzed by HPLC. This paper presents the spatial and temporal characteristics of VOC species concentrations and compositions to examine the differences and similarities of the various locations and time periods. Overall surface, total non-methane hydrocarbon values ranged from 0.1 to 3.4 ppmC with the highest concentrations being recorded in the morning and evening at five vehicle-dominated sites, three in Cd. Juárez and two in El Paso. Toluene in El Paso samples and propane, which is used as a cooking and transportation fuel in Cd. Juárez, were the most abundant hydrocarbons. The most abundant carbonyls were acetaldehyde, acetone and formaldehyde.
在1996年北帕索臭氧研究为期六周的时间里，在美墨边境美国一侧（埃尔帕索）和墨西哥一侧（华雷斯城）的地面空气质量监测点、感兴趣的源附近以及高空采集了环境空气挥发性有机物（VOC）样本。在该地区预测有高臭氧水平的九个密集作业日期间，于五个站点采集了样本，其中三个在美国一侧，两个在墨西哥一侧。还对其他六个站点进行了采样，以表征上风、下风及其他排放源。采集了高峰时段交通、丙烷驱动公交车尾气、汽车喷漆车间排放物、丙烷燃料以及华雷斯城的工业制造和埃尔帕索一家炼油厂的样本，用于确定源排放特征。大多数样本采集于电抛光不锈钢罐中，通过气相色谱 - 火焰离子化检测器（GC - FID）测定C2至C（10 +）碳氢化合物。在飞机飞行期间，于三个地面站点采集了羰基化合物样本，样本采集在涂有2,4 - 二硝基苯肼（DNPH）的滤筒上，并通过高效液相色谱（HPLC）进行分析。本文呈现了VOC物种浓度和组成的时空特征，以研究不同地点和时间段的差异与相似性。在整个地面，总非甲烷碳氢化合物值范围为0.1至3.4 ppmC，最高浓度出现在五个以车辆为主的站点的早晚时段，其中三个在华雷斯城，两个在埃尔帕索。埃尔帕索样本中的甲苯以及在华雷斯城用作烹饪和运输燃料的丙烷是含量最丰富的碳氢化合物。含量最丰富的羰基化合物是乙醛、丙酮和甲醛。
