Killien M G, Habermann B, Jarrett M
Department of Family and Child Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA.
Women Health. 2001;33(1-2):63-81. doi: 10.1300/J013v33n01_05.
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Over half of mothers with infants under one year are employed. This study explored the work experiences of women who returned to employment during the first year and the relationship of employment characteristics to maternal health.
DESIGN/METHODS: Longitudinal, repeated measures during pregnancy and 1,4, 8, and 12 months postpartum. Data on employment characteristics and health status gathered between 1990-95 by questionnaire from 149 employed, partnered women residing in a large urban area in the northwestern United States.
Work-family interference increased significantly between pregnancy and each postpartum occasion (p <.001). Between 19-34% of the variance in health status at each measurement occasion was explained by employment characteristics. Work-family interference consistently contributed to the variance in health status.
New models are needed to further understand the complex interplay of work and family lives.
背景/目的：超过半数有一岁以下婴儿的母亲都有工作。本研究探讨了在孩子出生第一年就重返职场的女性的工作经历，以及工作特征与母亲健康之间的关系。
设计/方法：在孕期以及产后1个月、4个月、8个月和12个月进行纵向重复测量。1990年至1995年间，通过问卷调查收集了居住在美国西北部一个大城市地区的149名有伴侣且有工作的女性的工作特征和健康状况数据。
从孕期到每次产后，工作与家庭的冲突显著增加（p <.001）。每次测量时，健康状况差异的19%至34%可由工作特征来解释。工作与家庭的冲突一直是健康状况差异的影响因素。
需要新的模式来进一步理解工作和家庭生活之间复杂的相互作用。
