McGonnell I M
Molecular Neurobiology Group, MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, UK.
J Anat. 2001 Jul-Aug;199(Pt 1-2):189-94. doi: 10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19910189.x.
The pectoral girdle articulates the forelimb with the axial skeleton in all vertebrates with paired anterior appendages. The structure of the pectoral girdle and its position along the axial skeleton has changed significantly during vertebrate evolution. These morphological changes have been well described, but there is little comparative embryology to indicate how these changes may have occurred. It is equally obscure how the muscles that connect the head with the pectoral girdle have maintained appropriate attachments even though these 2 structures have become separated. Here I review the changes in the pectoral girdle across different vertebrate taxa, indicating, where known, the developmental mechanisms underlying these changes. I also suggest how the muscular connections between the head and pectoral girdle have been maintained between these once adjacent bones, displaced during vertebrate evolution.
在所有具有成对前肢的脊椎动物中，肩带将前肢与中轴骨骼相连。在脊椎动物进化过程中，肩带的结构及其在中轴骨骼上的位置发生了显著变化。这些形态变化已有详细描述，但很少有比较胚胎学研究能表明这些变化是如何发生的。同样不清楚的是，连接头部与肩带的肌肉是如何在这两个结构分离的情况下仍保持适当附着的。在此，我回顾了不同脊椎动物类群中肩带的变化，并指出已知的这些变化背后的发育机制。我还提出，在脊椎动物进化过程中，曾经相邻的骨头发生移位后，头部与肩带之间的肌肉连接是如何得以维持的。
