DePrimo S E, Shinghal R, Vidanes G, Brooks J D
Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, California 94305-5118, USA.
Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2001 Jun;15(3):445-57. doi: 10.1016/s0889-8588(05)70225-2.
Strategies for reducing the occurrence of prostate cancers will be critical in limiting the morbidity and mortality of this disease. The long latency period of prostate tumors and improved understanding of prostate carcinogenesis suggest opportunities for effective preventive measures. Because androgen is integral to prostatic carcinogenesis, several preventive strategies under investigation target the androgen axis. Epidemiologic and basic studies implicate dietary factors in prostate cancer development and suggest that altering diet may influence prostate cancer risk and progression. Many of the micronutrients with preventive potential have antioxidant properties; cellular defenses against oxidative stresses are likely to be crucial in reducing prostate carcinogenesis. This article summarizes the current status and opportunities in prostate cancer prevention.
降低前列腺癌发生率的策略对于限制该疾病的发病率和死亡率至关重要。前列腺肿瘤的潜伏期较长，且对前列腺癌发生机制的认识不断提高，这为采取有效的预防措施提供了机会。由于雄激素在前列腺癌发生过程中不可或缺，目前正在研究的几种预防策略都以雄激素轴为靶点。流行病学和基础研究表明饮食因素与前列腺癌的发生有关，并提示改变饮食可能会影响前列腺癌的风险和进展。许多具有预防潜力的微量营养素都具有抗氧化特性；细胞对氧化应激的防御可能对减少前列腺癌发生至关重要。本文总结了前列腺癌预防的现状和机会。
