Gobbato F, Bovenzi M
Lav Um. 1975 May;27(3):65-94.
The authors examined the electrocardiographic features of ventricular fibrillation and other ventricular paroxysms induced by electric shock in the guinea pig. The analysis of the electrocardiographic patterns, as well as the vectorial study of the cardiac potentials during repeated episodes of ventricular "anarchy" induced in more than forty animals, showed the following data: 1. following electric shock, ventricular paroxysms appear, featuring paroxysmal tachycardia, typical or impure flutter, tachycardia--either "torsade de pointe" or "spindle" type, and typical ventricular fibrillation. Such different electrocardiographic patterns represent evolutive stages of electric activity disorganization, leading to a complete ventricular "anarchy". Such steps may reverse when reorganization of the electric activity and spontaneous defibrillation occur; 2. an attempt can be made at present to classify ventricualr paroxysms, thus eleminating semeiotic and semantic errors, still present in the literature, and providing a standardization of both nomenclature and electrocardiographic interpretation; 3. during fibrillation, the mean ventricular rate decays, featuring an exponential curve. This phenomenon accounts for a metabolic depletion of the myocardium: the higher the number of fibrillation episodes previously induced and subsided (either spontaneously or not) in the same animal, the faster the course of the phenomenon; 4. the vectorial analysis of the fibrillation potentials and, particularly, the graphic construction of "depolarization" and "repolarization" vectorcardiograms, in the differenttypes or variants of ventricular paroxysms, show that the basic mechanisms leading to ventricular electric activity disgregation are the multiple re-entry and the irregular spreading of the activation front; 5. on the basis of the acquired data, the authors believe that the "circus movement" theory (Wiggers) is still the most suitable for explaining the onset and the evolution of ventricualr fibrillation.
作者研究了豚鼠电击诱发的心室颤动及其他室性阵发性心动过速的心电图特征。对40多只动物反复诱发室性“紊乱”发作期间的心电图模式分析以及心脏电位的向量研究显示了以下数据：1. 电击后出现室性阵发性心动过速，其特征为阵发性心动过速、典型或不纯扑动、“尖端扭转型”或“纺锤型”心动过速以及典型心室颤动。这些不同的心电图模式代表了电活动紊乱的演变阶段，最终导致完全的心室“紊乱”。当电活动重新组织和自发除颤发生时，这些阶段可能会逆转；2. 目前可以尝试对室性阵发性心动过速进行分类，从而消除文献中仍然存在的症状学和语义学错误，并实现命名和心电图解释的标准化；3. 在颤动期间，平均心室率呈指数曲线下降。这种现象说明了心肌的代谢耗竭：同一动物先前诱发并消退（无论是否自发）的颤动发作次数越多，该现象的进程就越快；4. 对颤动电位的向量分析，特别是不同类型或变体室性阵发性心动过速中“去极化”和“复极化”向量心电图的图形构建，表明导致心室电活动解体的基本机制是多次折返和激活前沿的不规则传播；5. 根据所获得的数据，作者认为“环形运动”理论（维格斯）仍然最适合解释心室颤动的发生和演变。
