Thonneau P, Goulard H, Goyaux N
Human Fertility Research Group, La Grave Hospital, Toulouse, France.
Contraception. 2001 Jul;64(1):33-7. doi: 10.1016/s0010-7824(01)00215-3.
After reviewing the literature on intrauterine devices (IUDs) published over the last 30 years, we selected and analyzed recent and most relevant (with appropriate methodology design) articles dealing with the risk factors for IUD failure. There is sufficient evidence to conclude that the TCu380 and levonorgestrel-releasing (LNG) IUD are the most effective, with a cumulative pregnancy rate of less than 2% at 12 years for the TCu380 and around 1% for the LNG IUD at 7 years. In addition, advancing age increases IUD effectiveness, and displacement of the IUD decreases effectiveness. The IUDs with the highest copper concentrations are clearly less prone to failure than those with lower copper concentrations.
在回顾过去30年发表的关于宫内节育器（IUD）的文献后，我们挑选并分析了近期且最相关的（具有适当方法设计）探讨IUD失败风险因素的文章。有充分证据得出结论，TCu380和含左炔诺孕酮（LNG）的IUD是最有效的，TCu380在12年时累积妊娠率低于2%，LNG IUD在7年时约为1%。此外，年龄增长会提高IUD的有效性，而IUD移位则会降低有效性。铜浓度最高的IUD明显比铜浓度较低的IUD更不易失败。
