Karam E H, Srinivasan R S, Charles J B
Space Biomedical Research Institute, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058.
Physiologist. 1993;36(1 Suppl):S164-5.
Although numerous mathematical models of the cardiovascular system (CVS) have appeared in the literature only a few of them are models of the entire system with detailed representation of the heart, the vasculature, and the control elements. Like all models of biological systems, these models vary in complexity, and most of them are stimulus- specific. Their ability to simulate with acceptable accuracy either responses over a wide range of the stimulus or responses to stimuli of similar kind has not been reported. In this paper, three mathematical models of the CVS are examined in terms of their response to different orthostatic stresses, namely, lower body negative pressure (LBNP), head-up tilt, and blood loss. The short-term orthostatic responses of the models are compared to available experimental data. The models are: (i) Croston and Fitzjerrell's for study of LBNP and head-up tilt response, (ii) Jaron et al.'s for study of +Gz response, and (iii) Pullen's for simulation of response to blood loss. We will henceforth refer to these models by the letters C, J, and P, respectively.
尽管文献中已出现众多心血管系统（CVS）的数学模型，但其中仅有少数是对整个系统的建模，详细描绘了心脏、血管系统及控制元件。与所有生物系统模型一样，这些模型的复杂程度各异，且大多数是针对特定刺激的。尚未有关于它们在广泛刺激范围内模拟响应或对类似刺激响应的能力达到可接受精度的报道。本文研究了三种心血管系统的数学模型对不同直立应激的响应，即下体负压（LBNP）、头高位倾斜和失血。将这些模型的短期直立响应与现有的实验数据进行比较。这些模型分别是：（i）用于研究LBNP和头高位倾斜响应的克罗斯顿和菲茨杰雷尔模型；（ii）用于研究+Gz响应的雅伦等人的模型；（iii）用于模拟失血响应的普伦模型。此后我们将分别用字母C、J和P指代这些模型。
