Rahmann H, Hilbig R, Flemming J, Slenzka K
University of Stuttgart-Hohenheim, Institute of Zoology, Stuttgart, Germany.
Adv Space Res. 1996;17(6-7):121-4. doi: 10.1016/0273-1177(95)00623-m.
This study presents qualitative and quantitative data concerning gravity-dependent changes in the swimming behaviour of developing cichlid fish larvae (Oreochromis mossambicus) after a 9 resp. 10 days exposure to increased acceleration (centrifuge experiments), to reduced gravity (fast-rotating clinostat), changed accelerations (parabolic aircraft flights) and to near weightlessness (2nd German Spacelab Mission D-2). Changes of gravity initially cause disturbances of the swimming performance of the fish larvae. With prolonged stay in orbit a step by step normalisation of the swimming behaviour took place in the fish. After return to 1g earth conditions no somersaulting or looping could be detected concerning the fish, but still slow and disorientated movements as compared to controls occurred. The fish larvae adapted to earth gravity within 3-5 days. Fish seem to be in a distinct early developmental stages extreme sensitive and adaptable to altered gravity; However, elder fish either do not react or show compensatory behaviour e.g. escape reactions.
本研究呈现了关于发育中的丽鱼科幼鱼（莫桑比克罗非鱼）在分别暴露于9天及10天增加的加速度（离心机实验）、降低的重力（快速旋转的回转器）、变化的加速度（抛物线飞行）以及接近失重状态（德国第二次空间实验室任务D - 2）后，其游泳行为中与重力相关变化的定性和定量数据。重力变化最初会导致幼鱼游泳表现受到干扰。随着在轨道上停留时间延长，鱼类的游泳行为逐渐恢复正常。返回1g地球条件后，未检测到鱼类有翻跟头或打转的情况，但与对照组相比，仍存在缓慢且方向紊乱的运动。幼鱼在3 - 5天内适应了地球重力。鱼类似乎在特定的早期发育阶段对重力改变极其敏感且具有适应性；然而，年长的鱼要么没有反应，要么表现出补偿行为，例如逃避反应。
