Koike J, Hori T, Katahira Y, Koike K A, Tanaka K, Kobayashi K, Kawasaki Y
Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan.
Adv Space Res. 1996;18(1-2):339-44. doi: 10.1016/0273-1177(95)00825-y.
If there is a possibility that the organisms carried from Earth to space can live for a significant period on planets, the contamination of planets should be prevented for the purpose of future life-detection experiments. In connection with quarantine for interplanetary missions, we have examined the survivabilities of terrestrial microorganisms under simulated space conditions. In this study, examined the survivabilities of terrestrial organisms under simulated Mars conditions. The Mars conditions were simulated by ultraviolet (UV) and proton irradiation under low temperature, high vacuum, and simulated gaseous conditions. After exposure to the simulated Mars condition, the survivabilities of the organisms were examined. The spores of Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus niger, some anaerobic bacterias and algaes, showed considerably high survivabilities even after UV and proton irradiation corresponding to 200 years on Mars. This subject is not restricted to academic curiosity but concerns problems involving the contamination of Mars with terrestrial organisms carried by space-probes.
如果从地球携带到太空的生物体有可能在行星上存活很长一段时间，那么为了未来的生命探测实验，应该防止行星受到污染。关于行星际任务的检疫，我们已经研究了陆地微生物在模拟太空条件下的生存能力。在本研究中，考察了陆地生物在模拟火星条件下的生存能力。通过在低温、高真空和模拟气体条件下进行紫外线（UV）和质子辐照来模拟火星条件。在暴露于模拟火星条件后，检测生物体的生存能力。枯草芽孢杆菌和黑曲霉的孢子、一些厌氧菌和藻类，即使在相当于火星上200年的紫外线和质子辐照后，仍表现出相当高的生存能力。这个问题不仅限于学术好奇心，还涉及到太空探测器携带的陆地生物对火星造成污染的问题。
