Ropelewski R
Aerosp Am. 1996 Aug;34(8):28-33.
In the no-holds-barred competition between Boeing and Europe's Airbus Industrie for dominance in the world's commercial jet airliner markets, the question of who--or what--is in charge in the cockpit has been a significant selling point. Airbus, which pioneered highly automated flight controls with its A320 narrow-body transport in the late 1980s, likes to emphasize the "protection" features built into the aircraft through those automated systems. Boeing, which employs many of the same concepts in its new 777 twin-engine widebody transport, tends to put more emphasis on crew involvement in the operation of that aircraft. Is there a difference? In fact, the question has broader implications than those involving the marketing battle between Boeing and Airbus. Airlines, aircraft manufacturers, flight training specialists, human factors gurus, and aviation authorities in various countries are struggling with the isse as automation becomes more and more prevalent on passenger and cargo-carrying aircraft around the world.
在波音公司与欧洲空中客车工业公司为称霸全球商用喷气式客机市场而展开的激烈竞争中，驾驶舱由谁——或什么——掌控的问题一直是一个重要的卖点。空中客车公司在20世纪80年代末推出A320窄体运输机时率先采用了高度自动化的飞行控制系统，它喜欢强调通过这些自动化系统内置在飞机中的“保护”功能。波音公司在其新型777双引擎宽体运输机中采用了许多相同的概念，往往更强调机组人员对该飞机操作的参与。这有区别吗？事实上，这个问题的影响比涉及波音和空客之间营销战的影响更为广泛。随着自动化在全球客运和货运飞机上越来越普遍，航空公司、飞机制造商、飞行训练专家、人为因素专家以及各国的航空当局都在为这个问题而苦苦挣扎。
