Bubenheim D L, Bugbee B, Salisbury F B
Plant Science Department, Utah State University, Logan 84322-4820, USA.
J Am Soc Hortic Sci. 1988 May;113(3):468-74.
Radiation in controlled environments was characterized using fluorescent and various high-intensity-discharge (HID) lamps, including metal halide, low-pressure sodium, and high-pressure sodium as the radiation source. The effects of water, glass, or Plexiglas filters on radiation were determined. Photosynthetic photon flux (PPF, 400 to 700 nm), spectra (400 to 1000 nm), shortwave radiation (285-2800 nm), and total radiation (300 to 100,000 nm) were measured, and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, 400 to 700 nm) and longwave radiation (2800 to 100,000 nm) were calculated. Measurement of PPF alone was not an adequate characterization of the radiation environment. Total radiant flux varied among lamp types at equal PPF. HID lamps provided a lower percentage of longwave radiation than fluorescent lamps, but, when HID lamps provided PPF levels greater than that possible with fluorescent lamps, the amount of longwave radiation was high. Water was the most effective longwave radiation filter. Glass and Plexiglas similarly filtered longwave more than shortwave radiation, but transmission of nonphotosynthetic shortwave radiation was less with Plexiglas than glass. The filter materials tested would not be expected to influence photomorphogenesis because radiation in the action spectrum of phytochrome was not altered, but this may not be the only pigment involved.
在可控环境中，使用荧光灯和各种高强度气体放电（HID）灯（包括金属卤化物灯、低压钠灯和高压钠灯）作为辐射源对辐射进行了表征。测定了水、玻璃或有机玻璃滤光片对辐射的影响。测量了光合光子通量（PPF，400至700纳米）、光谱（400至1000纳米）、短波辐射（285 - 2800纳米）和总辐射（300至100,000纳米），并计算了光合有效辐射（PAR，400至700纳米）和长波辐射（2800至100,000纳米）。仅测量PPF不足以表征辐射环境。在相同的PPF下，不同类型的灯总辐射通量有所不同。HID灯提供的长波辐射百分比低于荧光灯，但是，当HID灯提供的PPF水平高于荧光灯所能达到的水平时，长波辐射量就会很高。水是最有效的长波辐射滤光片。玻璃和有机玻璃对长波辐射的过滤作用类似，都比对短波辐射的过滤作用更强，但是有机玻璃对非光合短波辐射的透射率低于玻璃。预计所测试的滤光材料不会影响光形态建成，因为光敏色素作用光谱中的辐射没有改变，但这可能不是唯一涉及的色素。
