Kahn B A, Stoffella P J
Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater 74078-0511, USA.
J Am Soc Hortic Sci. 1996 May;121(3):414-8.
Seeds of 'Rutgers California Supreme' tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) were exposed to outer space conditions aboard the long duration exposure facility (LDEF) satellite in the space exposed experiment developed for students (SEEDS) project of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Seeds aboard the LDEF were packed in dacron bags forming four layers per sealed canister. Some of these seeds were used in Oklahoma and Florida for studies of germination, emergence, and fruit yield. Among all measured variables in three experiments, there was only one significant main effect of canister 2 versus canister 7 (for mean time to germination) and only one main effect of layer (for seedling shoot dry weight). There also were only two inconsistent canister x layer interactions in the germination tests. The contrast of Earth-based control seed versus space-exposed seed was significant four times: in Oklahoma in 1991 the mean time to germination of space-exposed seeds and the days to 50% of final germination were 0.7 days less than for Earth-based seeds, and in Florida in 1992 seedling percent emergence and shoot dry weight were increased by space exposure. Fruit yield and marketability were unaffected in plants grown from space-exposed seeds. These results support student findings from the SEEDS project, and provide evidence that tomato seeds can survive in space for several years without adverse effects on germination, emergence, and fruit yield.
“罗格斯加州超级”番茄（Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.）的种子，在美国国家航空航天局（NASA）为学生开展的太空暴露实验（SEEDS）项目中，搭乘长期暴露设施（LDEF）卫星，接受了外层空间环境的照射。搭乘LDEF的种子被装在涤纶袋中，每个密封罐中形成四层。其中一些种子被用于俄克拉荷马州和佛罗里达州，以研究发芽、出苗和果实产量。在三个实验中所有测量的变量中，只有罐2与罐7之间存在一个显著的主效应（关于平均发芽时间），以及只有一个层的主效应（关于幼苗地上部干重）。在发芽试验中也只有两个不一致的罐×层交互作用。地球对照种子与太空暴露种子的对比有四次显著差异：1991年在俄克拉荷马州，太空暴露种子的平均发芽时间和达到最终发芽50%的天数比地球种子少0.7天，1992年在佛罗里达州，太空暴露使种子出苗率和地上部干重增加。太空暴露种子培育的植株的果实产量和适销性未受影响。这些结果支持了SEEDS项目中学生的研究结果，并提供了证据表明番茄种子可以在太空中存活数年，而对发芽、出苗和果实产量没有不利影响。
