Shirley S M, Shirley T C
Juneau Center for Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska-Fairbanks 99801, USA.
Mar Behav Physiol. 1988;13(4):369-88. doi: 10.1080/10236248809378686.
Zoeae of Paralithodes camtschatica were positively phototactic to white light intensities above 1 x 10(13) q cm-2 s-1. Negative phototaxis occurred at low (1 x 10(12) q cm-2 s-1), but not high intensities (2.2 x 10(16) q cm-2 s-1). Phototactic response was directly related to light intensity. Zoeae also responded to red, green and blue light. Zoeae were negatively geotactic, but geotaxis was dominated by phototaxis. Horizontal swimming speed of stage 1 zoeae < 4 d old was 2.4 +/- 0.1 (SE) cm s-1 and decreased to 1.7 +/- 0.1 cm s-1 in older zoeae (P < 0.01). Horizontal swimming speed of stage 2 zoeae was not significantly different from > or = 4 d old stage 1 zoeae. Vertical swimming speed, 1.6 +/- 0.1 cm s-1, and sinking rate, 0.7 +/- 0.1 cm s-1, did not change with ontogeny. King crab zoeae were positively rheotactic and maintained position in horizontal currents less than 1.4 cm s-1. Starvation reduced swimming and sinking rates and phototactic response.
堪察加拟石蟹的蚤状幼体对高于1×10(13)量子厘米-2秒-1的白光强度呈正趋光性。在低强度（1×10(12)量子厘米-2 秒-1）时出现负趋光性，但在高强度（2.2×10(16)量子厘米-2秒-1）时未出现。趋光反应与光强度直接相关。蚤状幼体也对红、绿和蓝光有反应。蚤状幼体呈负趋地性，但趋地性受趋光性主导。4日龄以下第1期蚤状幼体的水平游泳速度为2.4±0.1（标准误）厘米/秒，在较老的蚤状幼体中降至1.7±0.1厘米/秒（P<0.01）。第2期蚤状幼体的水平游泳速度与4日龄及以上的第1期蚤状幼体无显著差异。垂直游泳速度为1.6±0.1厘米/秒，下沉速度为0.7±0.1厘米/秒，不随个体发育而变化。帝王蟹蚤状幼体呈正趋流性，在水平流速小于1.4厘米/秒时保持位置。饥饿会降低游泳和下沉速度以及趋光反应。
