Wheeler R M, Tibbitts T W
NASA Biomedical Operations and Research Office, Kennedy Space Center, FL 32899, USA.
Ann Bot. 1997 May;79(5):529-33. doi: 10.1006/anbo.1996.9999.
Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) are highly productive in mid- to high-latitude areas where photoperiods change significantly throughout the growing season. To study the effects of changes in photoperiod on growth and tuber development of potato cv. Denali, plants were grown for 112 d with 400 micromol m-2 s-1 photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) under a 12-h photoperiod (short days, SD), a 24-h photoperiod (long days, LD), and combinations where plants were moved between the two photoperiods 28, 56, or 84 d after planting. Plants given LD throughout growth received the greatest total daily PPF and produced the greatest tuber yields. At similar levels of total PPF, plants given SD followed by LD yielded greater tuber dry mass (DM) than plants given LD followed by SD. Stem DM per plant, leaf DM, and total plant DM all increased with an increasing proportion of LD and increasing daily PPF, regardless of the daylength sequence. When studies were repeated, but at an enriched (1000 micromol mol-1) CO2 concentration, overall growth trends were similar, with high CO2 resulting in greater stem length, stem DM, leaf DM, and total plant DM; but high CO2 did not increase tuber DM.
马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）在中高纬度地区产量很高，在这些地区，整个生长季节光周期变化显著。为了研究光周期变化对马铃薯品种迪纳利生长和块茎发育的影响，将植株在光合光子通量（PPF）为400微摩尔·米-2·秒-1的条件下，分别在12小时光周期（短日照，SD）、24小时光周期（长日照，LD）以及种植后28、56或84天在两种光周期之间转换的组合条件下培养112天。整个生长过程中接受长日照的植株每日总PPF最高，块茎产量也最高。在总PPF水平相似的情况下，先接受短日照后接受长日照的植株比先接受长日照后接受短日照的植株块茎干质量（DM）更高。无论日照时长顺序如何，单株茎干质量、叶干质量和植株总干质量均随着长日照比例的增加和每日PPF的增加而增加。当在高浓度（1000微摩尔·摩尔-1）二氧化碳条件下重复实验时，总体生长趋势相似，高二氧化碳导致茎更长、茎干质量、叶干质量和植株总干质量增加；但高二氧化碳并没有增加块茎干质量。
