Arbeille P h, Fomina G, Achaibou F, Pottier J, Kotovskaya A
Unite de Medecine & Physiologie Spatiale, CHU, Tours, France.
Acta Astronaut. 1995 Oct-Dec;36(8-12):753-62. doi: 10.1016/0094-5765(95)00166-2.
Cardiovascular adaptation was evaluated on 2 astronauts: one wearing thigh cuffs from flight day 1 to 8 (14d flight), the second without cuffs (21d flight). Ultrasound investigations were performed at rest and during LBNP.
Without thigh cuffs the cardiovascular adaptation consists in (1) the development of a hypovolemia with an increase of the heart rate and the cardiac output, (2) the decrease of the vascular tone in the deep (mesenteric and splanchnic) and peripheral (Lower limbs) vascular areas. The use of thigh cuffs maintains the volemia and the cardiac output at the preflight level (without heart rate increase) and prevents the loss of vascular tone in the deep and peripheral areas. Moreover the adaptative process changes since the cuffs are removed and even the volemia seems to be unaffected at this stage the vascular tone decreases to a comparable extend as during the flight without cuffs. Nevertheless during the flight without cuffs or 3 days after removing the cuffs hemodynamic signs of decreased orthostatic tolerance are present during the inflight and the 3 days post flight LBNP. Presently the possible contribution of the thigh cuffs to the reduction of the vascular deconditioning has not been tested yet.
对两名宇航员的心血管适应性进行了评估：一名从飞行第1天到第8天（14天飞行任务）佩戴大腿袖带，另一名不佩戴袖带（21天飞行任务）。在静息状态和下体负压（LBNP）期间进行了超声检查。
不佩戴大腿袖带时，心血管适应性表现为：（1）出现血容量减少，心率和心输出量增加；（2）深部（肠系膜和内脏）和外周（下肢）血管区域的血管张力降低。使用大腿袖带可使血容量和心输出量维持在飞行前水平（心率不增加），并防止深部和外周区域血管张力丧失。此外，自去除袖带后，适应性过程发生变化，即使在此阶段血容量似乎未受影响，但血管张力下降程度与不佩戴袖带飞行时相当。然而，在不佩戴袖带飞行期间或去除袖带后3天，在飞行中和飞行后3天的下体负压试验中，存在体位性耐力下降的血流动力学迹象。目前，大腿袖带对减轻血管脱适应的可能作用尚未得到测试。
