Rawash I A, El-Gayar F M, Gaaboub I A, El-Shazli A Y
Toxicology. 1975 May;4(2):157-63. doi: 10.1016/0300-483x(75)90094-3.
Malthion, DDT, kelthane and their mixture (3 : 10 : 5) were applied to pear fruits at the rate recommended by the Ministry of Agriculture. The rate of disappearance of their residues on pear fruits was investigated under refrigerated conditions (2 +/- 1 degree and 47% relative humidity (RH)). The same insecticides were tested in higher concentrations (1.5 and 2 times) to determine the effect of insecticides on the black spots usually found on pears after storage. No relation was found between the tested insecticides and the appearance of the black spots. Residue-disappearance curves of the three tested concentrations of these insecticides and their mixture were drawn on semi-log paper. The residues of each material found on pear fruits after one hour, 1, 8, 15, 30 and 45 days' storage in a refrigerator, estimated biologically by C. pipiens larvae and D. magna were recorded. The highest concentrations of the mixture and of the individual insecticides left higher residues on pears than the lower ones of all the insecticides either as a mixture or alone. Stored pears, refrigerated under the above conditions immediately after treatment with the mixture of insecticides recommended for the pest control of pears, cannot be consumed fresh after 45 days.
按照农业部推荐的用量，将稻瘟散、滴滴涕、三氯杀螨醇及其混合物（3:10:5）施用于梨果。在冷藏条件下（2±1℃，相对湿度47%）研究了它们在梨果上的残留消失率。对相同的杀虫剂进行了更高浓度（1.5倍和2倍）的测试，以确定杀虫剂对梨贮藏后常见黑点的影响。未发现所测试的杀虫剂与黑点的出现之间存在关联。在半对数纸上绘制了这三种测试浓度的杀虫剂及其混合物的残留消失曲线。记录了用致倦库蚊幼虫和大型溞通过生物学方法估算的，在冰箱中贮藏1小时、1天、8天、15天、30天和45天后梨果上发现的每种物质的残留量。混合物以及各单一杀虫剂的最高浓度在梨上留下的残留量高于所有杀虫剂较低浓度时（无论是作为混合物还是单独使用）的残留量。用推荐用于梨害虫防治的杀虫剂混合物处理后，立即在上述条件下冷藏的贮藏梨，45天后不能鲜食。
