Brandt R
Department of Neurobiology, IZN, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
Cell Tissue Res. 2001 Aug;305(2):255-65. doi: 10.1007/s004410000334.
The cytoskeleton is the major intracellular determinant of neuronal morphology and is required for fundamental processes during the development and maintenance of a neuron. Thus, it is not surprising that many neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (motor neuron disease) are characterized by typical abnormalities in the organization of the cytoskeleton. However, the role of the cytoskeletal changes during the development of the disease, e.g., whether they have a causative role during neuronal degeneration or represent an epiphenomenon of neurons that degenerate by other means, is still disputed. In this review, recent results on the development and the role of cytoskeletal abnormalities during neurodegenerative diseases are discussed and a mechanistic framework for the involvement of cytoskeletal changes during neurodegenerative processes is presented.
细胞骨架是神经元形态的主要细胞内决定因素，是神经元发育和维持过程中基本过程所必需的。因此，包括阿尔茨海默病和肌萎缩侧索硬化症（运动神经元病）在内的许多神经退行性疾病，其特征是细胞骨架组织出现典型异常，这并不奇怪。然而，在疾病发展过程中细胞骨架变化的作用，例如它们在神经元变性过程中是否具有因果作用，或者是否代表通过其他方式变性的神经元的一种附带现象，仍然存在争议。在这篇综述中，讨论了神经退行性疾病期间细胞骨架异常的发展及其作用的最新结果，并提出了一个神经退行性过程中细胞骨架变化参与的机制框架。
