Sheu S
Fooyin Institute of Technology, Taiwan, ROC.
Hu Li Yan Jiu. 2001 Apr;9(2):159-71.
Myocardial infarction is a life threatening disease. Patients, especially those with a first time attack, experience a great deal of uncertainty and emotional disturbance which depend on the effectiveness of coping methods. Four questions were addressed in this study: (1) the degree and sources of uncertainty, (2) the coping methods used, (3) the degree of anxiety, (4) the relationship among uncertainty, coping methods and anxiety, and (5) the effect of coping methods on the relationship between uncertainty and coping methods. Fifty patients with first time attack in a teaching hospital participated this study. The instruments were Chinese versions of Mishel's Uncertainty in Illness Scale, the Revised Ways of Coping Check List and Spielberger's State Anxiety Inventory. The results showed that only 2% of patients experienced high uncertainty and 10% experienced anxiety; the average of uncertainty and anxiety were between sometimes and fairly often. "It is not clear what is going to happen to me" was the first source of uncertainty. The most often used coping method for these patients was seeking social support. Finally, the results showed that emotion-oriented coping had both positive main effect and mediating effect on the relationship between uncertainty of complexity and anxiety. The findings of this study suggest nurses should help patients utilize different coping methods, according to individual difference, in order to achieve optimal emotional state.
心肌梗死是一种危及生命的疾病。患者，尤其是首次发病的患者，会经历大量的不确定性和情绪困扰，这取决于应对方法的有效性。本研究探讨了四个问题：（1）不确定性的程度和来源；（2）所使用的应对方法；（3）焦虑程度；（4）不确定性、应对方法和焦虑之间的关系；以及（5）应对方法对不确定性与焦虑之间关系的影响。一家教学医院的50名首次发病患者参与了本研究。研究工具为中文版的米舍尔疾病不确定性量表、修订版应对方式检查表和斯皮尔伯格状态焦虑量表。结果显示，只有2%的患者经历了高度不确定性，10%的患者经历了焦虑；不确定性和焦虑的平均水平介于“有时”和“相当频繁”之间。“我不清楚自己会发生什么”是不确定性的首要来源。这些患者最常使用的应对方法是寻求社会支持。最后，结果表明，情绪导向型应对方式对复杂性不确定性与焦虑之间的关系既有正向主效应，又有中介效应。本研究结果表明，护士应根据个体差异，帮助患者采用不同的应对方法，以达到最佳情绪状态。
