Bellows R A, Rumsey T S, Kasson C W, Bond J, Warwick E J, Pahnish O F
Am J Vet Res. 1975 Aug;36(08):1133-40.
Experiments were conducted to determine effects of 2 organic phosphate systemic insecticides on embryonic survival and possible teratogenesis in cattle. A total of 726 heifers at 3 locations were treated with either crufomate (4-tert-butyl-2-chlorophenyl methyl methylphos-phoramidate) or coumaphos (O,O-diethyl O-(3-chloro-4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-1-benzopyran-7-yl) phosphorothioate). The compounds were administered to pregnant bovine females at various stages of gestation by pouring along the dorsal midline. None of the treatments, including those at recommended one-time doses, one-time doses at double or triple the recommended dose levels, or doses at recommended one-time dose levels repeated each day for 10 days, gave evidence of increasing embryonic death rates or of teratogenic effects. In one experiment, the crufomate compound had apparent erratic effects on serum ace5ylcholinesterase activities, but no effects on electrocardiographic patterns, heart rate, or respiration rate. Rectal palpation for pregnancy determination during the 35- to 44-day stages of pregnancy is discussed as a possible, but unsubstantiated, cause of congenital malformation of the caudal portion of the intestinal tract in 1 calf born during these studies and in other calves previously observed.
进行了实验以确定两种有机磷酸酯类内吸性杀虫剂对牛胚胎存活及可能的致畸作用。在3个地点的总共726头小母牛分别用蝇毒磷（4-叔丁基-2-氯苯基甲基甲基磷酰胺）或蝇毒硫磷（O,O-二乙基-O-(3-氯-4-甲基-2-氧代-2H-1-苯并吡喃-7-基)硫代磷酸酯）进行处理。通过沿背部中线浇洒的方式，在妊娠的不同阶段将这些化合物施用于怀孕的母牛。所有处理，包括推荐的一次性剂量、推荐剂量两倍或三倍的一次性剂量，或推荐一次性剂量水平每天重复给药10天，均未显示出胚胎死亡率增加或致畸作用的迹象。在一项实验中，蝇毒磷化合物对血清乙酰胆碱酯酶活性有明显的不稳定影响，但对心电图模式、心率或呼吸频率没有影响。本文讨论了在怀孕35至44天期间通过直肠触诊确定妊娠情况，这可能是本研究期间出生的1头小牛以及之前观察到的其他小牛肠道尾部先天性畸形的一个原因，但未经证实。
