Kitagawa S, Kasamaki M, Hiyama F
Niigata College of Pharmacy, Japan.
Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2001 Sep;49(9):1155-8. doi: 10.1248/cpb.49.1155.
We examined the effects of the double-chained cationic surfactants dimethyidialkylammoniums (CH3)2N+ (CnH(2n+1))2 on the permeation of benzoic acid through excised guinea pig dorsal skin. Among five dimethyldialkylammoniums tested (n=10-18), dimethyldidecylammonium (n=10) had dose-dependent enhancement effects at concentrations of more than 20 microM. Compared with the marked enhancement effects of dimethyldialkylammoniums with relatively shorter alkyl chains, those of long-chain dimethyldialkylammoniums (n=16, 18) were much less. We compared the enhancement effects of these cationic surfactants on skin permeation with their hemolytic effects on guinea pig erythrocytes. Their enhancement effects corresponded to their hemolytic activity. The findings suggest that dimethyldialkylammoniums with relatively shorter alkyl chains, which form either vesicles with looser molecular packing or micelles and appear to be present as surfactant monomers in higher ratios than those with longer alkyl chains, favor the interaction with skin. Their enhancement mechanism is possibly similar to that of single-chained cationic surfactants.
我们研究了双链阳离子表面活性剂二甲基二烷基铵（(CH3)2N+(CnH(2n+1))2）对苯甲酸透过豚鼠背部离体皮肤渗透的影响。在所测试的五种二甲基二烷基铵（n = 10 - 18）中，二甲基二癸基铵（n = 10）在浓度高于20 microM时具有剂量依赖性增强作用。与具有相对较短烷基链的二甲基二烷基铵的显著增强作用相比，长链二甲基二烷基铵（n = 16, 18）的增强作用要小得多。我们比较了这些阳离子表面活性剂对皮肤渗透的增强作用与其对豚鼠红细胞的溶血作用。它们的增强作用与其溶血活性相对应。研究结果表明，具有相对较短烷基链的二甲基二烷基铵形成分子堆积较松散的囊泡或胶束，并且似乎以比具有较长烷基链的二甲基二烷基铵更高的比例以表面活性剂单体形式存在，有利于与皮肤相互作用。它们的增强机制可能与单链阳离子表面活性剂类似。
