Mul D, Fredriks A M, van Buuren S, Oostdijk W, Verloove-Vanhorick S P, Wit J M
Department of Paediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Centre/Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Pediatr Res. 2001 Oct;50(4):479-86. doi: 10.1203/00006450-200110000-00010.
We investigated pubertal development of 4019 boys and 3562 girls >8 y of age participating in a cross-sectional survey in The Netherlands and compared the results with those of two previous surveys. Reference curves for all pubertal stages were constructed. The 50th percentile of Tanner breast stage 2 was 10.7 y, and 50% of the boys had reached a testicular volume of 4 mL at 11.5 y of age. Median age at menarche was 13.15 y. The median age at which the various stages of pubertal development were observed has stabilized since 1980. The increase of the age at stage G2 between 1965 and 1997 is probably owing to different interpretations of its definition. The current age limits for the definition of precocious are close to the third percentile of these references. A high agreement was found between the pubic hair stages and stages of pubertal (genital and breast) development, but slightly more in boys than in girls. Menarcheal age was dependent on height, weight, and body mass index. At a given age tall or heavy girls have a higher probability of having menarche compared with short or thin girls. A body weight exceeding 60 kg (+1 SDS), or a body mass index of >20 (+1 SDS), has no or little effect on the chance of having menarche, whereas for height such a ceiling effect was not observed. In conclusion, in The Netherlands the age at onset of puberty or menarche has stabilized since 1980. Height, weight, and body mass index have a strong influence on the chance of menarche.
我们对参与荷兰一项横断面调查的4019名8岁以上男孩和3562名女孩的青春期发育情况进行了研究，并将结果与之前的两项调查结果进行了比较。构建了所有青春期阶段的参考曲线。坦纳乳房分期2期的第50百分位数为10.7岁，50%的男孩在11.5岁时睾丸体积达到4毫升。月经初潮的中位年龄为13.15岁。自1980年以来，观察到青春期发育各阶段的中位年龄已趋于稳定。1965年至1997年期间G2期年龄的增加可能是由于对其定义的不同解释。目前性早熟定义的年龄界限接近这些参考值的第3百分位数。阴毛分期与青春期（生殖器和乳房）发育阶段之间存在高度一致性，但男孩的一致性略高于女孩。月经初潮年龄取决于身高、体重和体重指数。在给定年龄，高个或体重较重的女孩比矮个或瘦女孩初潮的概率更高。体重超过60公斤（+1标准差）或体重指数>20（+1标准差）对初潮几率没有影响或影响很小，而对于身高则未观察到这种上限效应。总之，在荷兰，自1980年以来青春期或月经初潮的起始年龄已趋于稳定。身高、体重和体重指数对初潮几率有很大影响。
