Georgiades G, Iordanidis P, Koumbati M
Clinic of Poultry Diseases, Veterinary Faculty, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
Avian Dis. 2001 Jul-Sep;45(3):745-50.
From 50 commercial broiler flocks included in a study concerning respiratory disease, signs of swollen head syndrome (SHS) were shown in eight. Postmortem examination was performed in eight birds showing signs of SHS from each flock. The trachea and head from each bird were collected for laboratory investigation. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for the detection of viral and avian mycoplasma antigens in the trachea, and bacteriologic examinations were performed from the infraorbital sinuses of the infected birds. According to the ELISA results, the most frequently detected antigen in the trachea was Mycoplasma synoviae (six flocks, 75%), followed by infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) (five flocks, 62.5%), avian adenovirus (four flocks, 50%), avian reovirus (three flocks, 37.5%), Mycoplasma gallisepticum (one flock, 12.5%), and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) (one flock, 12.5%). Turkey rhinotracheitis (TRT), infectious laryngotracheitis, and avian influenza viral antigens were not detected. Experimental assays for characterization of NDV and IBV isolates showed that they were strains of low virulence (evidently vaccine strains). Bacteriologic examinations from the infraorbital sinuses of the affected birds resulted in the isolation of Escherichia coli (seven cases, 87.5%) and Staphylococcus spp. (one case, 12.5%). It is evident that TRT virus did not play a causal role in SHS in commercial broiler flocks in Greece, but in this condition, other viruses (IBV, NDV), mycoplasmas, or bacteria may be involved, and environmental conditions seem to be essential to the occurrence and severity of the disease.
在一项关于呼吸道疾病的研究中纳入了50个商业肉鸡群，其中8个出现了肿头综合征（SHS）的症状。对每个出现SHS症状的鸡群中的8只鸡进行了尸检。收集每只鸡的气管和头部用于实验室检测。采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）检测气管中的病毒和禽支原体抗原，并对感染鸡的眶下窦进行细菌学检查。根据ELISA结果，气管中最常检测到的抗原是滑液支原体（6个鸡群，75%），其次是传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）（5个鸡群，62.5%）、禽腺病毒（4个鸡群，50%）、禽呼肠孤病毒（3个鸡群，37.5%）、鸡毒支原体（1个鸡群，12.5%）和新城疫病毒（NDV）（1个鸡群，12.5%）。未检测到火鸡鼻气管炎（TRT）、传染性喉气管炎和禽流感病毒抗原。对NDV和IBV分离株的鉴定试验表明它们是低毒力毒株（显然是疫苗株）。对患病鸡眶下窦的细菌学检查分离出了大肠杆菌（7例，87.5%）和葡萄球菌属（1例，12.5%）。显然，TRT病毒在希腊商业肉鸡群的SHS中未起到致病作用，但在这种情况下，其他病毒（IBV、NDV）、支原体或细菌可能参与其中，并且环境条件似乎对该病的发生和严重程度至关重要。
