Vacher C, Pavy B
Service de chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale et Stomatologie, Hôpital Beaujon, 100 Bd général Leclerc, 92118 Clichy.
Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac. 2001 Jun;102(3-4):159-61.
Knowledge of the anatomy of soft palate muscles is of great interest in cleft palate surgery, in surgical correction of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and in excision of maxillo-facial carcinomas. Some authors described the palatal aponeurosis as the expansion of the tendon of the two tensor veli palatini muscles, others stated that the palatal aponeurosis is a distinct anatomic entity.
Ten dissections of the soft palate have been performed to improve our knowledge of its anatomy.
The palatal aponeurosis is a distinct anatomic entity continuous with the periosteum of the nasal cavity. The tendon of the tensor veli palatini terminated on the inferior side of the aponeurosis. One fifth of the tensor's tendinous fibers terminated on the posterior border of the palatine bone and the others are spreading on the anterior and inferior side of the palatal aponeurosis.
In cleft palate patients, this aponeurosis is absent, the palatal muscles are attached to the posterior border of the palatine bones. So it seems to be logical to recommend a soft-palate "pushback" to create a new space between the posterior border of the palatine bones and the soft-palate muscles.
软腭肌肉的解剖知识在腭裂手术、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的外科矫正以及颌面癌切除术中具有重要意义。一些作者将腭腱膜描述为两块腭帆张肌肌腱的扩展，另一些人则指出腭腱膜是一个独特的解剖结构。
对软腭进行了十次解剖，以增进我们对其解剖结构的了解。
腭腱膜是一个与鼻腔骨膜连续的独特解剖结构。腭帆张肌的肌腱止于腱膜的下侧。五分之一的肌腱纤维止于腭骨后缘，其余的则分布在腭腱膜的前侧和下侧。
在腭裂患者中，这种腱膜不存在，腭肌附着于腭骨后缘。因此，建议进行软腭“后推”以在腭骨后缘和软腭肌肉之间创造一个新空间似乎是合理的。
