Yeh H S, Lee Y C, Sun H J, Wan S R
Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 201, Sec. 2, Shih-Pai Road, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei). 2001 Jul;64(7):388-94.
It has been nearly 50 years since the psychotic state caused by amphetamine was first reported. However, the prognosis of methamphetamine (MAP) psychosis and its relationship with chronic schizophrenia are still vague. Some authors preferred MAP psychosis model of schizophrenia, while other studies found difference between the two groups of patients in the aspects of negative symptoms.
In this study we followed 21 psychiatric inpatients with diagnosis of MAP psychosis. Schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia (SADS), scale for assessment of negative symptoms (SANS) and global assessment scale (GAS) were used for evaluation of these patients during admission and six months after discharge.
Seventeen patients were interviewed and eight of them confessed reuse of MAP. The follow-up examinations found decreased total scores of delusion and hallucination in SADS and increased GAS scores. The SANS scores of the MAP psychotic patients in this study were lower than moderate level. No significant change could be found for most SANS subcategory scores except some items.
Most MAP psychotic patients followed in this study improved much in six months. The results of the SANS evaluation and the clinical course for six months indicated that the MAP psychosis is a psychotic disorder different from chronic schizophrenia.
自首次报道苯丙胺所致精神状态以来，已过去近50年。然而，甲基苯丙胺（MAP）所致精神障碍的预后及其与慢性精神分裂症的关系仍不明确。一些作者倾向于将MAP所致精神障碍作为精神分裂症的模型，而其他研究发现两组患者在阴性症状方面存在差异。
在本研究中，我们对21例诊断为MAP所致精神障碍的精神科住院患者进行了随访。使用情感性障碍和精神分裂症评定量表（SADS）、阴性症状评定量表（SANS）和总体评定量表（GAS）在患者入院时及出院后6个月对其进行评估。
对17例患者进行了访谈，其中8例承认再次使用MAP。随访检查发现SADS中妄想和幻觉的总分降低，GAS评分升高。本研究中MAP所致精神障碍患者的SANS评分低于中等水平。除部分条目外，大多数SANS子类别评分未发现显著变化。
本研究中随访的大多数MAP所致精神障碍患者在6个月内有明显改善。SANS评估结果及6个月的临床病程表明，MAP所致精神障碍是一种不同于慢性精神分裂症的精神障碍。
