Mazurov V I, Ulanova V I
Klin Med (Mosk). 2001;79(8):23-8.
40 patients with infective endocarditis (IE) abusing intravenous drugs (heroin, opium surrogates) and 9 IE patients predisposed to heart diseases were examined by Duke diagnostic criteria. IE in drug abusers is characterized by acute course of the disease with affection of the intact valves of the right heart (97.5%) and septicemia provoked by high-virulent microflora (Staph. aureus in 65%). Drug abusers showed the following principal clinical syndromes of IE: thromboembolic (65%); septic with formation of acute DIC syndrome (75%), development of pyodestructive foci in the organs and polyorganic insufficiency (23.3%); acute circulatory insufficiency (37.5%); secondary nephropathy (100%). In IE abusers with predisposition to heart diseases IE ran subacutely in the presence of bacteriemia caused by low-virulent microflora (Strept. viridans in 11%) or in the absence of microbial growth in blood seeding (78%). High IE lethality in drug abusers (40%) is explained both by severe complications and concomitant diseases (viral hepatitis B and C, HIV infection, etc.).
采用杜克诊断标准对40例滥用静脉注射药物(海洛因、鸦片代用品)的感染性心内膜炎(IE)患者以及9例有心脏病易患因素的IE患者进行了检查。吸毒者的IE特点为疾病呈急性病程,累及右心的正常瓣膜(97.5%),并由高毒力微生物引发败血症(65%为金黄色葡萄球菌)。吸毒者IE主要有以下临床综合征:血栓栓塞(65%);伴有急性弥散性血管内凝血综合征形成的败血症(75%)、器官脓性破坏性病灶形成及多器官功能不全(23.3%);急性循环功能不全(37.5%);继发性肾病(100%)。在有心脏病易患因素的吸毒者中,IE呈亚急性病程,由低毒力微生物(11%为草绿色链球菌)引起菌血症,或血培养无微生物生长(78%)。吸毒者中IE致死率高(40%)是由严重并发症及伴随疾病(乙型和丙型病毒性肝炎、HIV感染等)所致。