Lavie N, Robertson I H
Department of Psychology, University College London, UK.
J Cogn Neurosci. 2001 Oct 1;13(7):867-76. doi: 10.1162/089892901753165791.
Neglect is known to produce a bias towards the ipsilesional side. Here we examined whether this bias is automatic or can be modulated by manipulating perceptual load in a relevant task [e.g., Lavie, N. (1995). Perceptual load as a necessary condition for selective attention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 21, 451-468]. Three patients with left neglect and three healthy controls made speeded choice responses to a target letter in the center of the display while attempting to ignore an irrelevant distractor presented on left or right. Perceptual load was manipulated by inducing a search for the target that appeared with another central stimulus, which was either a blob (low load) or a nontarget letter (higher load). Response competition effects from ipsilesional distractors were significantly reduced by higher load. The same increase of load, however, did not decrease distractor effects in the control group, as expected [e.g., Lavie, N., & Cox, S. (1997). On the efficiency of attentional selection: Efficient visual search results in inefficient rejection of distraction. Psychological Science, 8, 395-398]. These results demonstrate that ipsilesional bias in neglect is not fully automated and emphasize an additional restriction of perceptual capacity. Moreover, they supported our prediction that reduced perceptual capacity in neglect can lead to improved distractor rejection with just small increases in perceptual load.
众所周知，疏忽会导致对患侧的偏向。在此，我们研究了这种偏向是自动产生的，还是可以通过在相关任务中操纵感知负荷来调节 [例如，拉维，N.（1995年）。感知负荷是选择性注意的必要条件。《实验心理学杂志：人类感知与表现》，21卷，451 - 468页]。三名患有左侧疏忽的患者和三名健康对照者在试图忽略呈现在左侧或右侧的无关干扰物时，对显示屏中央的目标字母做出快速选择反应。通过诱导对与另一个中央刺激同时出现的目标进行搜索来操纵感知负荷，该中央刺激要么是一个斑点（低负荷），要么是一个非目标字母（高负荷）。高负荷显著降低了来自患侧干扰物的反应竞争效应。然而，正如预期的那样 [例如，拉维，N.，& 考克斯，S.（1997年）。关于注意选择的效率：有效的视觉搜索导致对干扰的低效抑制。《心理科学》，8卷，395 - 398页]，相同的负荷增加并未降低对照组中的干扰物效应。这些结果表明，疏忽中的患侧偏向并非完全自动化，并强调了感知能力的额外限制。此外，它们支持了我们的预测，即疏忽中感知能力的降低只需感知负荷稍有增加就能导致对干扰物的抑制得到改善。
