Gruener R, Bryant H J
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1975 Sep;194(3):514-21.
Taurine, a ubiquitous sulfonic amino acid, has been described as a regulator of membrane activity in both normal and pathologic states of nerve and muscle. The common feature of its effects on brain activity and its interaction with muscle, can be summarized in terms of a stabilizing function on excitable membranes. In this paper, we report data on the ionic mechanisms by which taurine modulates membrane behavior of the lobster giant axon. Our data show that taurine increases membrane permeabilities to potassium and chloride but not to sodium. This increase is transient, showing membrane desensitization during taurine application. A reversal potential for the taurine response was observed at about -85 mV, causing the membrane potential to stabilize near the resting level. In addition, taurine causes a reduction of the action potential duration, resulting primarily from an acceleration of the depolarization phase. These ionic actions of taurine may explain its overall inhibitory effects in the central nervous system and in the retina and may account for its antiarrhythmic properties.
牛磺酸是一种普遍存在的磺酸氨基酸，在神经和肌肉的正常及病理状态下均被描述为膜活性的调节剂。它对大脑活动的影响及其与肌肉相互作用的共同特征，可以概括为对可兴奋膜的稳定作用。在本文中，我们报告了关于牛磺酸调节龙虾巨轴突膜行为的离子机制的数据。我们的数据表明，牛磺酸增加了膜对钾离子和氯离子的通透性，但对钠离子通透性无影响。这种增加是短暂的，在应用牛磺酸期间显示出膜脱敏现象。在约 -85 mV 处观察到牛磺酸反应的反转电位，使膜电位稳定在静息水平附近。此外，牛磺酸导致动作电位持续时间缩短，这主要是由于去极化阶段加速所致。牛磺酸的这些离子作用可能解释了其在中枢神经系统和视网膜中的总体抑制作用，并可能说明了其抗心律失常特性。
