Kleinsasser N H
Klinik u. Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- u. Ohrenkranke, LMU München, Marchioninistr. 15, D-81377 München.
MMW Fortschr Med. 2001 Sep 20;143(38):32-5.
Surgical interventions aimed at preserving, improving or restoring vocal function define the term phonosurgery. Options include endolaryngeal microscopic techniques and extralaryngeal approaches for the treatment of vocal cord polyps, Reinke's edema, nodules and cysts, treatment of injuries to the larynx, and partial resection of malignant tumors. Further indications are deficits in vocal cord closure resulting from impaired laryngeal nerve function. Of particular importance in this connection are augmentation and medialization of the vocal cords. Additional possibilities are modification (higher/lower) of the pitch of the voice to improve the quality of life of transsexuals. Provided the indications are carefully established and concomitent voice training is offered, phonosurgical interventions may be a good means of ameliorating morphological and functional deficits of the larynx. Patient information on the possibilities of phonosurgery, careful selection of the appropriate surgical technique, adequate experience on the part of the surgeon, and good anesthesiological management, all impact on the outcome of this form of treatment.
旨在保留、改善或恢复发声功能的外科手术被定义为嗓音外科。其治疗手段包括用于治疗声带息肉、任克氏水肿、小结和囊肿的喉内显微技术和喉外入路，喉部损伤的治疗，以及恶性肿瘤的部分切除。其他适应症包括因喉神经功能受损导致的声带闭合不全。在这方面，特别重要的是声带的扩容和内移。另外的可能性是改变（提高/降低）嗓音音调，以改善易性癖者的生活质量。如果严格掌握适应症并提供相应的嗓音训练，嗓音外科手术可能是改善喉部形态和功能缺陷的一种有效方法。关于嗓音外科手术可能性的患者信息、合适手术技术的精心选择、外科医生的充分经验以及良好的麻醉管理，都会影响这种治疗方式的效果。
