Benedict C A, Ware C F
Division of Molecular Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, San Diego, California 92121, USA.
Virology. 2001 Oct 10;289(1):1-5. doi: 10.1006/viro.2001.1109.
Herpesviruses appear to peacefully coexist with their natural hosts, with infection typically manifested as a benign, but lifelong process. However, coexistence depends on active resistance by innate and specific immune defenses as revealed in the striking virulence of herpesviruses when immunity fails. This pattern of infection is characteristic of a viral pathogen, such as cytomegalovirus, that has evolved efficient strategies targeted at host defense systems. Targeting members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)/lymphotoxin (LT) superfamily of cytokines is a strategy found in all herpesviruses, which suggests the existence of an intimate evolutionary link in their host-parasite relationship. Here we examine some of the strategies used by herpesvirus that target members of the TNF superfamily and discuss a recent study that revealed a novel mechanism that links LT-related ligands and interferons (IFN) to the establishment of coexistence between herpesvirus and its host cell.
疱疹病毒似乎能与它们的天然宿主和平共存，感染通常表现为一个良性但会持续终身的过程。然而，这种共存依赖于先天免疫和特异性免疫防御的积极抵抗，因为当免疫力失效时，疱疹病毒的显著毒力就会显现出来。这种感染模式是病毒病原体（如巨细胞病毒）的特征，这类病毒已经进化出针对宿主防御系统的有效策略。靶向肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）/淋巴毒素（LT）细胞因子超家族成员是所有疱疹病毒共有的一种策略，这表明在它们的宿主 - 寄生虫关系中存在着密切的进化联系。在这里，我们研究疱疹病毒用来靶向TNF超家族成员的一些策略，并讨论一项最近的研究，该研究揭示了一种将LT相关配体和干扰素（IFN）与疱疹病毒及其宿主细胞之间共存关系的建立联系起来的新机制。
