Vimarlund V, Eriksson H, Timpka T
MDA, Departments of Computer Science and Social Medicine, Linköping University, 581 83 Lilnköping, Sweden.
Stud Health Technol Inform. 2001;84(Pt 1):768-72.
Within public health, there is a tradition of co-operation between researchers and communities in planning and implementation of health promotion programs. As a consequence, public-health organizations are characterized by having complex multidisciplinary structure and dynamic organizational goals. In this paper, we discuss the economic impacts from the use of Participatory Design for development of public-health information systems. Creation of systems that have both utility and usability is suggested to be highlighted as the central goal. The identified pre-requisites for a positive impact are that the new system should be of high quality, appropriate to the nature of the health promotion tasks, and to how activities are coordinated and integrated both between and within the stakeholder groups involved. We argue further that a method that minimizes the information asymmetry in the development process is necessary for avoiding market failures 1. The conclusion is that participatory design will diminish transaction costs, will help to avoid sunk costs, and will contribute to rich efficient use of human and economic resources in public-health organizations.
在公共卫生领域，研究人员与社区在规划和实施健康促进项目方面有着合作的传统。因此，公共卫生组织的特点是具有复杂的多学科结构和动态的组织目标。在本文中，我们讨论了参与式设计在公共卫生信息系统开发中的经济影响。建议将创建兼具实用性和可用性的系统作为核心目标加以突出。产生积极影响的既定先决条件是，新系统应具备高质量，适合健康促进任务的性质，以及适合利益相关者群体之间和内部活动的协调与整合方式。我们进一步认为，一种能在开发过程中尽量减少信息不对称的方法对于避免市场失灵是必要的。结论是，参与式设计将降低交易成本，有助于避免沉没成本，并有助于公共卫生组织充分有效地利用人力和经济资源。
