Hilli Y
Hippokrates (Helsinki). 1997:44-61.
Two private organizations, the Mannerheim League for Child Welfare and the Folkhälsan Association, established the Public Health Nursing institution in Finland in the beginning of the 1920's. These organizations laid the foundation of, developed and supervised the activities of the Public Health Nursing institution, which became statutory in 1944. They also started the training of public health nurses, which in 1931 was taken over by the state. In 1924 instructions were issued stating the duties, responsibilities and rights of the public health nurse. She had to visit each home in her district. Her main duty was to explain the principles of healthy living for the promotion of health and the prevention of disease. Although her work had a preventive nature, her duties included nursing care of the sick in their homes if needed. She also had to instruct someone in the home in nursing. The health of the family was the goal of all public health nursing. The emphasis was on nursing care during pregnancy and the care of the mother and new-born baby after delivery. Other duties were supervision of the infant and pre-school child through home visits and group conferences. Supervision of the health and habits of the school-child, including assistance in the control of communicable diseases in cooperation with physicians, school personnel and parents. Supervision of the health of adults in regard to prevention and control of communicaable diseases, especially tuberculosis. Nursing care including first aid and the promotion of health of industrial workers and their families. Teaching of first aid, home nursing and child care....
两个私人组织,即曼纳海姆儿童福利联盟和福尔克希尔桑协会,在20世纪20年代初在芬兰建立了公共卫生护理机构。这些组织奠定了公共卫生护理机构的基础,发展并监督其活动,该机构于1944年成为法定机构。它们还启动了公共卫生护士的培训工作,这项工作在1931年由国家接管。1924年发布了指示,规定了公共卫生护士的职责、责任和权利。她必须走访所在地区的每户人家。她的主要职责是讲解健康生活的原则以促进健康和预防疾病。尽管她的工作具有预防性,但如有需要,她的职责还包括在病人家中提供护理服务。她还必须在家中指导某人进行护理。家庭健康是所有公共卫生护理工作的目标。重点是孕期护理以及产后对母亲和新生儿的护理。其他职责包括通过家访和小组会议对婴儿和学龄前儿童进行监督。对学童的健康和习惯进行监督,包括与医生、学校工作人员和家长合作协助控制传染病。对成年人的健康进行监督,以预防和控制传染病,尤其是结核病。提供包括急救在内的护理服务,并促进产业工人及其家庭的健康。开展急救、家庭护理和儿童护理教学……