Bahia Lopes M
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos. 1996;3(1):65-79.
From the perspective of historiography, the article analyzes the construction of scientific medicine's major landmark: the small-pox vaccine. When this vaccine was created and widely distributed, the medical field demonstrated how technology controls life on a planetary scale. The great victory of scientific medicine rests on the fact that today the life of the small-pox virus depends upon laboratory conditions. Born in England during the 1870's, the anti-vaccine movement questioned universal, mandatory small-pox vaccination. The article examines some metaphors and analogies used by physicians and historians, revealing the process by which the vaccine, as a phenomenon, was constructed.
从史学的角度来看，本文分析了科学医学的一个重要里程碑：天花疫苗的构建。当这种疫苗被研发并广泛传播时，医学领域展示了技术如何在全球范围内控制生命。科学医学的巨大胜利基于这样一个事实，即如今天花病毒的存活依赖于实验室条件。反疫苗运动于19世纪70年代在英国兴起，它对普遍、强制接种天花疫苗提出了质疑。本文研究了医生和历史学家所使用的一些隐喻和类比，揭示了疫苗作为一种现象是如何被构建的过程。
