Hess V
Universitat Berlin, Germany.
Ber Wiss. 1999 Dec;22(4):266-80. doi: 10.1002/bewi.19990220406.
The emergence of a 'norm of normalcy' in 19th century laboratories and hospitals was in no way simply a byproduct of the scientific search for knowledge. It was instead closely associated with expectations of social egalitarianism which merged with the moral economy of a new scientific objectivity. The establishment of normal people as a valid measure for a population socially divided and segregated in estates was thus an essential element of the processes of social formulation which created our modern society.
19世纪实验室和医院中“常态标准”的出现绝不仅仅是科学知识探索的副产品。相反,它与社会平等主义的期望密切相关,这种期望与新科学客观性的道德经济相融合。因此,将正常人确立为社会阶层分化和隔离人群的有效衡量标准,是塑造我们现代社会的社会建构过程的一个基本要素。