Tangwa Godfrey B
Bioethics. 1999 Jul;13(3-4):218-26. doi: 10.1111/1467-8519.00149.
Increasing awareness of the importance of the biodiversity of the whole global biosphere has led to further awareness that the problems which arise in connection with preservation and exploitation of our planet's biodiversity are best tackled from a global perspective. The 'Biodiversity Convention' and the 'Human Genome Project' are some of the concrete attempts at such globalisation. But, while these efforts are certainly very good at the intentional level and on paper, there is, at the practical level of implementation, the danger that globalisation may simply translate into westernisation, given the Western world's dominance and will to dominate the rest of the globe. How is 'global bioethics' to be possible in a world inhabited by different cultural groups whose material situation, powers, ideas, experiences and attitudes differ rather markedly and who are not, in any case, equally represented in globalisation efforts and fora? One index of the pertinence of this question is that talk about biodiversity, biotechnology, biotrade etc. is being increasingly matched by talk about biopiracy, biorade, biocolonialism etc. In this paper, I attempt to explore and develop these very general concerns.
对全球整个生物圈生物多样性重要性的认识不断提高，这使人们进一步意识到，与我们星球生物多样性的保护和开发相关的问题，最好从全球视角来解决。《生物多样性公约》和“人类基因组计划”就是这种全球化的一些具体尝试。但是，尽管这些努力在理念层面和理论上肯定非常不错，但在实际执行层面，鉴于西方世界在全球的主导地位以及主导全球其他地区的意愿，存在全球化可能仅仅转化为西方化的危险。在一个由不同文化群体构成的世界里，这些群体的物质状况、权力、观念、经历和态度差异显著，而且无论如何，在全球化努力和论坛中他们的代表性并不平等，那么“全球生物伦理”如何能够实现呢？这个问题相关性的一个指标是，关于生物多样性、生物技术、生物贸易等的讨论，越来越多地伴随着关于生物剽窃、生物掠夺、生物殖民主义等的讨论。在本文中，我试图探讨和阐述这些非常普遍的问题。
