Alonge O K, Narendran S, Williamson D D
University of Texas Houston Health Sciences Center, Dental Branch, Department of Dental Public Health and Dental Hygiene, 77030, USA.
Dent Traumatol. 2001 Oct;17(5):218-21. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-9657.2001.170506.x.
Trauma to the teeth is a common reason for emergency room visits among children, with the maxillary anterior teeth being mostly affected. The consequences of dental trauma include disfigurement, speech defects and psychological effects. This is a cross-sectional study comprising 1039 students, with 47% being males and 53% females. Teeth were examined for physical evidence of trauma. The prevalence of incisal fracture was 2.4% with no significant gender difference (2.9% and 2.0% among males and females, respectively). The male to female prevalence ratio was 1.45 to 1.0. The maxillary incisors accounted for 96% of fractured teeth. Among children with traumatized incisors, 86% had one tooth affected, while 14% had two traumatized teeth. The prevalence of incisal trauma was significantly higher among children of low socioeconomic status (chi2=5.86, P=0.02, df=1). Though African American and Hispanic children had higher prevalence than White children, the differences were not statistically significant. The study reports a low prevalence of incisal trauma among Harris County children and a socioeconomic difference. This study recommends further investigation of incisal trauma in this region as well as educational programs to prevent dental trauma.
牙齿外伤是儿童前往急诊室就诊的常见原因，其中上颌前牙受影响最为常见。牙齿外伤的后果包括容貌受损、言语缺陷和心理影响。这是一项横断面研究，共有1039名学生参与，其中47%为男性，53%为女性。对牙齿进行了外伤体征检查。切牙骨折的患病率为2.4%，无显著性别差异（男性和女性分别为2.9%和2.0%）。男女患病率之比为1.45比1.0。上颌切牙占骨折牙齿的96%。在切牙受过外伤的儿童中，86%有一颗牙齿受影响，而14%有两颗牙齿受过外伤。社会经济地位较低的儿童切牙外伤患病率显著更高（χ2=5.86，P=0.02，自由度=1）。尽管非裔美国儿童和西班牙裔儿童的患病率高于白人儿童，但差异无统计学意义。该研究报告了哈里斯县儿童切牙外伤的患病率较低以及存在社会经济差异。本研究建议对该地区的切牙外伤进行进一步调查，并开展预防牙齿外伤的教育项目。
