Laparoscopy. Basic science and future directions.

Although the problem of port-site metastases is mainly related to the surgeon, the technique, manipulation of the tumor-bearing organ, and some other factors related to laparoscopy itself have been shown to influence tumor growth. The different experimental studies about basic research and possible new therapeutic strategies, including instillation of cytotoxic and immune modulating agents in combination with laparoscopy, are presented and discussed.