Hodges H F, Keeley A C, Grier E C
Georgia Baptist College of Nursing of Mercer University, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA.
J Adv Nurs. 2001 Nov;36(3):389-98. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.2001.01986.x.
This article presents findings of a qualitative study, conducted between 1997 and 2000, to investigate the plausibility of integrating masterworks of art with care of the chronically ill elderly, and to analyse perceptions about chronic illness among three groups: registered nurses, nursing students, and the elderly.
Statistically the incidence of chronic illness increases in the elderly. Although pathophysiology of chronic illness is increasingly understood, few studies explore the experience of living with chronicity from the perspective of the elderly. Understanding and intervening appropriately for the elderly with chronic illness may contribute significantly to improving quality of life for this growing population.
The study was approved through an Institutional Review Board. Facility permission and participant informed consent were obtained. Anonymity and confidentiality were protected.
Using hermeneutic phenomenology and masterworks of art as a centre point for dialogue, the investigators explored the perceptions of nurses, students, and the elderly about living with a chronic illness. A purposive sample of 65 participants made up seven focus groups with which group interviews were conducted. Themes were explicated and analysed from audiotaped interviews until data saturation was reached.
Content analysis of focus group interviews revealed themes of social isolation, inevitable role change, and inertia-movement. Only the elderly acknowledged hope and a steadfast refusal to give up, while nurses and students viewed chronicity more negatively. Themes of social isolation and role change are consistent with other studies of the elderly. A paradox of inertia-movement in the chronically ill elderly has not been reported in the nursing literature.
Paradoxical tension of inertia-movement in the chronically ill elderly appears to be linked to the broader concept of energy in nursing science, and to Parse's theory of human becoming. Masterworks of art can generate energy exchange between the elderly and caregivers, providing a plausible catalyst for meaningful interventions that transcend age and practice settings.
本文介绍了一项在1997年至2000年间进行的定性研究结果，该研究旨在调查将艺术杰作与慢性病老年患者护理相结合的可行性，并分析注册护士、护理专业学生和老年人这三组人群对慢性病的看法。
从统计学角度来看，慢性病在老年人中的发病率呈上升趋势。尽管人们对慢性病的病理生理学有了越来越多的了解，但很少有研究从老年人的角度探讨慢性病患者的生活体验。对慢性病老年人进行恰当的理解和干预，可能会对改善这一不断增长的人群的生活质量有显著帮助。
该研究通过机构审查委员会的批准。获得了机构许可和参与者的知情同意。保护了匿名性和保密性。
以诠释现象学和艺术杰作作为对话的中心点，研究人员探讨了护士、学生和老年人对慢性病生活的看法。65名参与者的目的抽样组成了7个焦点小组，并对其进行了小组访谈。从录音访谈中阐述并分析主题，直至达到数据饱和。
焦点小组访谈的内容分析揭示了社会隔离、不可避免的角色变化和惯性 - 运动等主题。只有老年人认可希望并坚定拒绝放弃，而护士和学生对慢性病的看法更为消极。社会隔离和角色变化的主题与其他针对老年人的研究一致。慢性病老年人中惯性 - 运动的矛盾现象在护理文献中尚未见报道。
慢性病老年人中惯性 - 运动的矛盾张力似乎与护理科学中更广泛的能量概念以及Parse的人类成为理论相关。艺术杰作可以促进老年人与护理人员之间的能量交换，为超越年龄和实践环境的有意义干预提供了一个合理的催化剂。
