Schneweis I, Meyer K, Hörmansdorfer S, Bauer J
Lehrstuhl für Tierhygiene, Fakultät für Landwirtschaft und Gartenbau, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2001 Feb;85(1-2):38-44. doi: 10.1046/j.1439-0396.2001.00300.x.
A total of 233 silages were examined and found that Monascus ruber was present in 43 samples with counts between 1 x 10(3) and 9 x 10(6) colony-forming units (CFU)/g (mean: 2 x 10(5) CFU/g). Monacolin K(L) and the hydroxy acid monacolin K(A) were detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in 45 and 50 of 233 samples at levels ranging from 25-15 600 and 28-65 400 microg/kg, respectively. Citrinin was found with high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection (FLD) in 14 (6%) samples, the concentrations varied between 2.4 and 64.2 microg/kg. The concentrations of citrinin were low and toxic effects are not anticipated. Monacolin K(A) and monacolin K(L) occur frequently and in considerable amounts in silages. These metabolites are believed to influence the metabolic activity of rumen anaerobic fungi resulting in a poorer digestion of crude fibre.
共检测了233份青贮饲料，发现43份样品中存在红曲霉菌，其数量在1×10³至9×10⁶菌落形成单位（CFU）/克之间（平均值：2×10⁵CFU/克）。通过液相色谱 - 质谱法在233份样品中的45份和50份中检测到莫纳可林K（L）和羟基酸莫纳可林K（A），其含量分别在25 - 15600微克/千克和28 - 65400微克/千克之间。通过高效液相色谱 - 荧光检测（FLD）在14份（6%）样品中发现了桔霉素，其浓度在2.4至64.2微克/千克之间变化。桔霉素浓度较低，预计不会产生毒性作用。莫纳可林K（A）和莫纳可林K（L）在青贮饲料中频繁且大量存在。据信这些代谢产物会影响瘤胃厌氧真菌的代谢活性，导致粗纤维消化变差。
