Palumbo G, Cortinovis I, Ronchi E, Biancardi M, Jucker S, Luè D, Melloni C, Bianchi M
Istituto di statistica medica e biometria, Università degli studi di Milano.
Epidemiol Prev. 2001 May-Jun;25(3):118-23.
A good level of knowledge about hypertension can improve patients' compliance to treatment so achieve better therapeutic results. The aim of our study was to evaluate the degree of knowledge about their disease in hypertensives followed in a hospital out-patient unit; and whether an informative booklet could increase this awareness. The patients were presented a questionnaire on the following items: 1. their interest in health news as presented by the mass-media and their judgement on physicians' willingness to provide information about hypertension; 2. the health hazards of being hypertensive; 3. the importance of a family history of hypertension; 4. life style and blood pressure; 5. the reasons for treating hypertension and the length of treatment. Upon completion of the questionnaire, the patients were handed out a booklet in which these same topics were analyzed. At the next follow-up visit, they were invited to answer a set of questions quite similar to the first ones, but presented in a different verbal form. 200 patients completed the first questionnaire; 159, both of them. Basically, they show a high degree of correct knowledge about their disease, giving between 77% and 94% of correct answers to the different questions. After the booklet, for most of the questions the percentage of correct answers remains the same; when it does change, this is usually for the worse. Simply handing out a booklet doesn't help patients to better understand their disease. On the contrary it may have an opposite effect, inducing some degree of confusion.
对高血压有良好的认知水平可以提高患者对治疗的依从性，从而取得更好的治疗效果。我们研究的目的是评估在医院门诊接受治疗的高血压患者对自身疾病的了解程度；以及一本信息手册是否能提高这种认知。我们向患者发放了一份关于以下内容的问卷：1. 他们对大众媒体所呈现的健康新闻的兴趣以及他们对医生提供高血压信息意愿的判断；2. 高血压的健康危害；3. 高血压家族史的重要性；4. 生活方式与血压；5. 治疗高血压的原因及治疗时长。问卷完成后，我们向患者发放了一本对上述相同主题进行分析的手册。在下次随访时，我们邀请他们回答一组与第一次非常相似但表述形式不同的问题。200名患者完成了第一份问卷；159名患者完成了两份问卷。总体而言，他们对自身疾病表现出了较高程度的正确认知，对不同问题的正确回答率在77%至94%之间。发放手册后，大多数问题的正确回答率保持不变；即便有变化，通常也是变差。仅仅发放一本手册并不能帮助患者更好地了解他们的疾病。相反，它可能会产生相反的效果，引发某种程度的困惑。
